Choosing Immigration Essay Samples Is Simple

Choosing Immigration Essay Samples Is Simple The first thing I want to discuss is unemployment with quite a few of our immigrants. But since it's not possible to stop immigrants from coming to the country in 1 move, steps ought to be undertaken to lessen illegal immigrants in phases. In the end, even highly qualified specialists, who seek better employment, frequently don't get what they're looking for. As for each nation, the most suitable choice is to give jobs solely for their countrymen. What Does Immigration Essay Samples Mean? After all, that's the reason they left. At the exact same time nothing might be as easy as that and there might be a good deal of controversies found in his declared strategies also. The immigrant issue is a popular issue on earth today. If you stay away from counterarguments like the plague, it is going to raise doubts about your capacity to refute them. Immigration doesn't have to be the bad man's escape in the event the government provides enough jobs for everybody. He is a controversial subject which is seldom out of the news. He has been a problem for a very long time now In the United States. He could become an even more serious problem in the U.S. if the government does not produce stricter laws. On the 1 hand it can help to curtail the expenses incurred by the USA budget to fund the presence of all of the illegal immigrants. Therefore, low-skilled workers from some other nations, that are demandable in america, search for illegal means of crossing the border. First of all, it seeks to boost the awareness of the usa and international general public, particularly in the light of america internal immigration crisis rapid growth. Regardless of all of the previous strategies to control illegal immigration in the usa. Life After Immigration Essay Samples An individual might argue that the immigrants are people after all and that they ought to not be discriminated against even should they come illegally into the nation. Consequently, today, immigrants face various challenges than immigrants in the previous years. Today they are very diverse, since they come from various parts of the world characterized with distinct physical features. There has to be a body of authorities w ho'd monitor the illegal immigrants in a nation. The Debate Over Immigration Essay Samples Obviously, the immigration package still needs to make it through the Senate. For instance, you might opt to claim that illegal immigration is helpful to the economy. Immigration has turned into a large international issue, especially within the field of economics, trade, and company. Illegal immigration can be repealed in the event the government takes the right measures. So far as the bias feature of the short article is concerned, it appears reasonable to emphasize the simple fact that the article in question is all but politically unbiased. There are several things that you should include in immigration essays all of which we are totally versed in. When it regards an illegal immigration essay we are also able to mention the particular legal situation for a particular nation, and able to create illegal immigration essays reflect either side of the story from the point of the illega l immigrant and from the point of the nation they want to move to. If you must compose an argumentative essay on immigration, but don't have enough time or energy to do it all on your own, you have discovered the ideal location. A thesis statement is 1 sentence in which you share the aim of your essay. In each paragraph of the human body of the essay, you can begin by writing a topic sentence. New Ideas Into Immigration Essay Samples Never Before Revealed When combined with how the gap in wealth between wealthy and poor countries is ever increasing, it's apparent that immigration is something which is only likely to grow. It is a problem that's affecting all peoples of the planet. From this perspective, illegal immigration for a phenomenon has an inclination of spreading. The good' fight against despots and to curb the rise of extremist terrorists has made a lot of hot spots on earth. Vital Pieces of Immigration Essay Samples It's indeed practical to work abroad, especially if it's the case that you do not observe any improvement in your nation's financial landscape. Given that illegal immigrants aren't entitled to several advantages, some businesses capitalize on this fact to save on labor expense s. Immigrant population for a whole is a big net burden on the economy. In conclusion, it is obvious that factors like political stability and superior education are among the recent reasons for migration to Canada. There isn't any chance of you getting a plagiarized paper written by another person. When you get your completed essay, be certain you tell all your friends what a terrific service it is and what's the ideal place to purchase cheap essays. Unfortunately, you place your money and reputation at risk when selecting an untrustworthy writing company. They should examine the larger picture, not think of how cheap it'll be hiring illegal immigrants instead of the rest.

The Interesting Narrative Life of Olaudah Equiano and Amistad

nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; CoMpArE and CoNtRaSt nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Both, â€Å"The Interesting Narrative Life of Olaudah Equiano† and â€Å"Amistad† are important stories about slavery in pre-civil war america because they both address the issues of slavery. These gentlemen in the story made a difference in the slave trade. In â€Å"The life of Olaudah Equiano†, Olaudah was sold on a slave ship that came to the Barbados. Olaudah worked for his freedom, and in the end became efficient in American language. He worked his way to the free life and in the end it worked out for him, although it leaves scars on his soul. In â€Å"Amistad†, Cinque is a slave that leads a revolt on a slave ship after escaping. When they get to america, Baldwin, a†¦show more content†¦Cinque also learned only a few words, as opposed to the whole american language, which Olaudah did. â€Å"The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano† focuses more on the harsh conditions on the slave ships while t he â€Å"Amistad† story spends more time on the trial that set the slave free. Olaudah Equiano fought against slavery in England while Cinque and the Africans of the Amistad became a symbol of freedom for the abolitionist movement in Pre-Civil War America. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In conclusion, both â€Å"The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano† and â€Å"Amistad† are important stories that thoughtfully comment on the slavery issue. â€Å"The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano† points out the harsh conditions on the slave ships. The story of â€Å"Amistad†, African slaves and the trials they had to go through highlights the injustice of slavery. As Adams said â€Å"The natural state of mankind is instead-and I know this is aShow MoreRelatedThe Narrative And Other Writings1137 Words   |  5 PagesOlaudah Equiano’s The interesting Narrative and Other Writings is a very important piece of historical literature because not many books or narratives are around today that can teach the real happenings of the European slave trade in the eighteenth century. Equiano makes several arguments against slavery. Arguments from Equiano and points from the lecture state that slave ry is that is inhumane. Slavery takes away the African’s and the white man’s humanity. Chapter two of The Interesting NarrativeRead MoreAdvocating Abolition Timeline Transatlantic Slave Trade1876 Words   |  8 PagesMaroon War in Jamaica. British agree a treaty with the Maroon leader Cudjoe in 1739 giving the Maroons 1,500 acres of land in return for helping to capture other escaped slaves ‘Tackey’s rebellion’ in Antigua Olaudah Equiano (author of The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavus Vassa, the African) is born Slave rebellion in Jamaica Slave rebellion in Martinique Seven Years War. Britain gains Dominica, Grenada, St Vincent and Tobago William Wilberforce, the abolitionist,

Resource and Source

Question: Discuss about theResource and Source. Answer: Determination of Residential Status Residential status of an Individual for taxation purpose in Australia is determined under subsection 6(1) TR 98/17 of Income Tax Assessment Act (ITAA) 1997 under the ordinary meaning. In order to establish whether a person is an Australian resident or not, the person is required to satisfy the primary resides test. In case the individual fails to satisfy the resides test then statutory test shall be considered for determining the residential status of individual for the purpose of tax (Zelinsky 2016). Resides test: As per the provisions under TR 98/17 ITAA 97 subsection 6(1) a person is said to be Australian resident if the individual resides in Australia (Mitchell et al. 2015). In case the resident fails to satisfy this test, he is required to satisfy one of the three conditions of statutory test, which are as follows: Domicile test: An individual is an Australian resident if his domicile or place of permanent home is in Australia except the assessing officer is content that the persons permanent home is outside Australia (Hua, Oliphant and Hu 2016). 183- Day test: If an individual resides in Australia for 183 days or more whether or not continuously, the person shall be said to have constructive residential status in Australia. Superannuation test: Under this test, government employees of Australia working overseas are required to be treated as resident of Australia. In the given case, Fred, a management consultant of British corporation comes to Australia to set up his companys branch and stayed for 11 months though the length of his stay was uncertain. His wife accompanied him during his visit to Australia but his son stayed in London for commencing the college while his daily behavior remained similar to that of his home country. Further, Fred earned rental income from UK property as well as interest on investments made in France. Since, Fred does not resides in Australia, he failed to satisfy the primary condition under resides test TR98/17 ITAA 97. However, statutory test shall be considered to examine his residential status in Australia for taxation purpose. As Freds permanent home is in UK, domicile test shall not be considered as well as superannuation test shall also not apply because Fred is not an Australian government employee (Vieira, Stewart and Beal 2015). Therefore, 183- day test shall be checked to determine his residential status, which requires an individual to stay in Australia exceeding half of income year. Based on a decided case of Levene v IRC (1928) AC 217, Fred would be treated as a resident of Australia for taxation purpose because his stay in Australia was more than six months. Although the stay of Fred in Australia was uncertain, yet his total stay was more than 183 days and he had leased a residence to stay in Melbourne for 12 months. Further, absence of his son during his stay in Australia and his daily behavior like his home country would not be considered while examining his residential status. Therefore, Fred is an Australian resident for taxation purpose under subsection 6(1) TR 98/17 ITAA 97. Reference List Hua, Y., Oliphant, M. and Hu, E.J., 2016. Development of renewable energy in Australia and China: A comparison of policies and status.Renewable Energy,85, pp.1044-1051. Mitchell, C., McLanahan, S., Notterman, D., Hobcraft, J., Brooks-Gunn, J. and Garfinkel, I., 2015. Family Structure Instability, Genetic Sensitivity, and Child Well-Being1.American journal of sociology,120(4), pp.1195-1225. Vieira, A.S., Stewart, R.A. and Beal, C.D., 2015. Air source heat pump water heaters in residential buildings in Australia: Identification of key performance parameters.Energy and buildings,91, pp.148-162. Zelinsky, E.A., 2016. Defining Residence for Income Tax Purposes: Domicile as Gap-Filler, Citizenship as Proxy and Gap-Filler.Michigan Journal of International Law,37.

Redesigning a SandwichToaster to Improve its Performance and Life Cycle

Introduction Electronic home appliances have become a vital aspect of human life in contemporary world. They range from mobile phones, television sets, computers, radios, and cookers. It is noted that such gadgets are intended to make life more enjoyable. However, the intention notwithstanding, there is an emerging trend where the same machines pose a danger to the environment (Vallero Brasier 2008, p. 217).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Redesigning a SandwichToaster to Improve its Performance and Life Cycle specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Consequently, stakeholders and policy makers have developed a number of frameworks to monitor and minimise the negative effects that electronic appliances have on the environment. One such concept is the Life Cycle Analysis (herein referred to as LCA). According to Crawford (2008, p. 496), LCA is regarded as a technique that is essential in understanding the environmental impacts of a given product. The current essay is written against this background. In the paper, the author examines the environmental impacts of a toaster. The report seeks to develop a concept to redesign a sandwich toaster. The aim is to ensure that the appliance is environmentally friendly. The paper begins by addressing the weaknesses of the gadget. The analysis is based on the knowledge acquired by the author with regards to LCA (Zamagni 2012, p. 375). Thereafter, a critical review of the implications of these weaknesses is provided. At the end of the paper, a new design for the toaster is proposed. The envisaged design has two major benefits. First, it is expected to improve the performance of this appliance. Secondly, the new model will alter the components of the toaster, reducing its negative effects on the environment. Weaknesses of the Sandwich Toaster Trusty (2010, para. 3) is of the opinion that the energy consumption associated with various home appliances should be re viewed from an environmental perspective. A domestic electronic gadget, such as a toaster, is essential in the production of sandwiches. It is very convenient as it eases the whole process of food preparation. However, the materials used in manufacturing and designing the machine have varying effects on the environment. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (2012, para. 3) has tried to address this issue. The organisation advocates for the utilisation of eco-friendly appliances at home and in the office. The need to reduce negative ecological impacts necessitates the redesign of appliances. Such remodelling improves the performance and ‘eco-friendliness’ of the said machine. Today, there are diverse culinary techniques that require similarly diverse appliances to execute. Pastry lovers will agree that toasted bread is a delicacy that saves a lot of time and eliminates the need to rush to the coffee shop. When prepared at home, such snacks tend to bring the f amily together and reduce expenditure on unnecessary inputs. As a result of this, a toaster is one of the appliances whose role is realised when there is a need to prepare bread and other types of food.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Lowell (2009, para. 3) affirms that most modern kitchens contain this vital appliance. In terms of power consumption, Lowell (2009, para. 4) points out that a typical toaster requires an average of 900 watts. At this level of consumption, such machines are usually used to toast two slices of bread at once. The only way to understand and redesign a given machine is by analysing its various components (Horne, Grant Verghese 2009, p. 43). The structure of a simple appliance, such as a mobile phone, is characterised by dozens of parts. Each of these parts is designed to play a specific role. The various roles are synchronised to achieve the overa ll functionality of the machine. Murielle (2011) provides an illustration of the materials used in the packaging of an average toaster. A review of the structure of this machine reveals that most of the components used are manufactured through industrial processes that are harmful to the environment. As a result of this, the finished product is associated with a number of shortcomings as far as its use is concerned. The varying weaknesses have serious ramifications to the surroundings. It is important to understand the uses of a given appliance. Such an understanding enables one to determine the inefficiencies, if any, that are linked to the machine (Hendrickson, Lester Scott 2006, p. 39). Murielle (2011, para. 4) indicates that most heating appliances used around the home are made of steel. As a result, they consume a lot of electricity. In light of this, it appears that the first weakness associated with a toaster, as a domestic appliance, has to do with its energy consumption. A ccording to Guo (2012, p. 47), most heating appliances consume approximately 5% of the total power in a home setting. Since a toaster falls under this category of gadgets, it follows that its kilowatt-hour consumption is quite high. Vogtlander (2011, p. 76) points out that many appliances that are used domestically are made from synthetic materials. Owing to the complexity of their applications, machines like toasters require artificial materials that are inexpensive to produce (Vogtlander 2009, p. 104). An example of a commonly used component in manufacturing these machines is phenol formaldehyde. An average toaster is made up of several parts that are designed using this material. Bakerlite is another common substance used in producing heating components. Smil (2013, p. 88) argues that most ecological problems arise from synthetic materials that fail to decompose when their life span expires. The hypothesis is based on the fact that all appliances have a certain duration within wh ich they are expected to last (Vogtlander, Maestre, Rosan, Arno Reene, 2013, p. 66). A skeletal observation of a toaster indicates that it is manufactured using most of these synthetic items. For example, its plug contains bakerlite, whereas its handle cover is coated with phenol formaldehyde.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Redesigning a SandwichToaster to Improve its Performance and Life Cycle specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The explanation illustrated above indicates that appliances made from synthetic materials have a negative effect on the environment. Guo (2012, p. 93) is of the opinion that this is one of the weaknesses of these products. As already indicated, most of the components found in a toaster are made using the aforementioned man-made materials. The observation highlights the second shortcoming as far as a toaster is concerned. The life cycle analysis suggests that appliances should be made fr om bio-degradable materials. The objective of such a preference is to ensure that a given machine can be safely and effectively recycled upon the expiry of its life cycle. Another element associated with the life cycle of an appliance, such as a toaster, involves its packaging. Vogtlander et al. (2013, p. 103) argue that any product should be packaged in a manner that conforms to the stipulated safety standards. The standards are formulated to ensure that the pack can be recycled. An example of such a scenario involves packing the product in a biodegradable material like cardboard. Such items decompose easily and are eco-friendly. Pablo (2009, p. 172) points out that most electrical appliances are packed together with several accompaniments. To this end, it is common to find such elements as manuals and other wrappings in the container used to pack a machine like a toaster. The appliances may be wrapped in multiple layers of plastic material. Such a presentation adds to the gadgetâ €™s shortcomings with regards to disposal. Plastic, as aforementioned, is a synthetic material. As a result, a toaster with such kind of packaging is an ecological hazard in itself. The wrappers add to its weaknesses. Figure 1 below illustrates a typical toaster: Figure 1: A cross section of the sandwich toaster Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More From figure 1 above, it appears that the most conspicuous aspect of the appliance is the extended heating material. The curved copper element arcs across the inner surface of the plates. One places their sandwich on the rectangular part (Murielle (2011, para. 4). Evidently, a lot of heat is lost during the toasting process. The heat dissipates into the regions that are not in contact with the bread. In addition, the toaster has a phenol formaldehyde casing that acts as an insulator. The same is indicated by the darkened regions on the diagram. The material used to make the handles should be biodegradable to make the recycling process easier Implications of the Weaknesses Klopfer and Grahl (2014, p. 83) are of the opinion that the performance and durability of an appliance are directly linked to the machine’s shortcomings. The said weaknesses have several implications on the functionality of this gadget. Such weaknesses should be addressed to improve the overall quality of the item. In life cycle analysis, such a product as a toaster is expected to complete its cycle. The phases run from the time it was manufactured to the recycling point. The inability to complete the span implies that the performance of that appliance is compromised (see Figure 2 below). Figure 2: Life Cycle of an Appliance Adapted from: Klopfer and Grahl (2014) From Figure 2, it is evident that an appliance undergoes several stages that make up its ‘life’. The phases are evident in spite of the fact that the machine is inanimate in nature. Roughly, there are four phases in the life of an appliance. As indicated in the figure above, the stages start with the preparation of raw materials and end with the recycling of the product (Alastair 2009, p. 151). In some cases, shortcomings may inhibit the flow of the cycle. Under such circumstances, overall performance is affected (Esty Simmons 2011, p. 188). The discourse provided in the previous section reveals that the major w eaknesses of a sandwich toaster are related to its energy consumption, packaging, and difficulty in disposal. Curran (2012, p. 93) argues that it is possible to regulate the rate at which an appliance consumes power. The major components of the sandwich toaster, as illustrated in figure 1 above, comprise of steel and copper heating materials. The abundant use of these elements is responsible for the high consumption of electricity. The use of energy is further compounded by the quality of steel used to assemble the product. Poor quality steel translates to high energy consumption (Chapman 2005, p. 187). The case is the same for copper with impurities. Appliances that utilise a lot of energy lead to increased demand for electricity, which has a ripple effect on the environment. Today, fossil fuels and a host of other non-renewable energy sources account for most of the electrical power produced in the world (Klopfer Grahl 2014, p. 97; Thwaites 2011, p. 109). Alastair (2009, p. 106) is emphatic that fossil fuels contribute to environmental degradation. As such, appliances whose electrical consumption is high lead to increased massive ecological deprivation. The exploitation emanates from the fact that a lot of fossil fuels will be required to produce electricity. On a more positive note, high demand for energy gives rise to the formulation of innovative measures. Curran (2012, p. 100) suggests that the need for environmental protection has triggered the development of alternative sources of energy. The existence of appliances whose power consumption is high means that the demand for energy in the market will persist. Innovation is needed to come up with appliances with low power consumption. The objective of these interventions is to minimise environmental degradation by reducing reliance on fossil fuels. The other major weakness discussed in the previous section is the difficulty of recycling a toaster. According to Chapman (2005, p. 129), life cycle analysis has specific guidelines that should be followed in disposing an item. The analysis requires the appliance to be re-used to prevent the generation of more synthetic materials. As already indicated in this report, the need to recycle is governed by the element of environmental conservation. To this effect, an appliance that is assembled using materials that pose a challenge during the recycling process will increase environmental degradation. Proposed Redesign of the Toaster According to Energy.gov (2013, para. 2), the rising demand for electrical appliances leads to a proportionate increase in demand for energy. The aspect of environmental protection comes in when the energy is produced in a manner that is not eco-friendly. Kibert (2012, p. 163) insists that it is important to manufacture appliances that consume less power. The interaction between such gadgets and the environment is not harmful. The scenario illustrates the need to dismantle the typical toaster and come up with a new design that addresses the aforementioned weaknesses. To enhance the performance of an electrical appliance, the preferred redesign should be based on the incremental improvement of the constituent components. Horne et al. (2009, p. 96) hold the opinion that such re-engineering is achieved by substituting the unnecessary material. However, the replacement should be done in a way that does not interrupt the functions of the device. On the contrary, the functions should be improved (Horne et al. 2009, p. 96). With regards to the toaster addressed in this report, it is important to make several changes as far as packaging is concerned. Pablo (2009, p. 61) argues that most clients misplace the instruction manuals that come with an appliance. The few who retain the papers end up disposing them at some point. To address this issue, manufacturers of a simple machine like toaster should consider printing the instructions on a section of the actual device. For example, the instructions may b e embossed at the bottom of the machine. Such a modification will help to reduce the adverse effects that papers and plastics have on the environment. The same will also ease the recycling process, meeting the specifications laid down by LCA. The power cable is another aspect of the toaster that requires redesigning. According to Murielle (2011, para. 5), the plastic cords can be redesigned to improve functionality. Plastics are non-biodegradable, something that complicates the recycling process. It is advisable to replace the long cables with a shorter version, which further insulates the toaster. Still on the subject of insulation, the phenol formaldehyde used to coat the handles should be replaced with a bio-degradable material like bamboo (Crawford 2008, p. 500). The most important aspect of a toaster is its heating capabilities. Murielle (2011, para. 5) holds that the only way to improve the performance of a toaster is to enhance its heating qualities. Such an improvement calls for increased insulation by covering the exposed parts. In addition, manufactures can make use of components with little electrical resistance. One such material is copper with very few impurities. The new design should avoid having the copper arc across the cross-section of the plates. Instead, the sandwich toaster should have the heating material concentrated on the sections where the bread is placed. The same helps to distribute the heat evenly. Murielle (2011, para. 4) posits that an even distribution of heat helps to hasten the heating process, which reduces the amount of electricity spent. The major objective of the proposed modifications is to enhance the performance of the machine and improve its efficiency (Alastair 2009, p. 73). Redesigning a toaster is meant to enhance the quality of the toasted bread and eliminate components that have a negative effect impact on the environment. In addition, the proposed design will make it possible for the toaster to go through the com plete ‘life cycle’ with little or no hindrances. The objective is realised through the elimination of non- biodegradable materials, which are replaced with those that are friendlier to the environment. The proposed design is illustrated in figure 3 below: Figure 3: A cross section of the re-designed toaster The figure above makes it obvious that the new toaster is significantly different from the old one. The surface area covered by the heating filament has increased. Each of the sections in the plates has a portion of the heating filament running on it. The thickness of the copper has also decreased to reduce energy consumption (Alastair 2009, p. 113). The insulating material has been changed from the initial phenol formaldehyde to bamboo. The new insulator has properties that allow it to reduce heat loss into the environment. As a result, most of the heat energy is retained within the toaster. The same helps to reduce the time spent in burning the bread. The ripple e ffect is that a smaller amount of electricity is spent. Conclusion The recommendations made in this report are important in enhancing the performance of various machines used in the home and in the office. According to Chapman (2005, p. 108), the human race is heading to an era where electronic appliances will be vital components of life. At the same time, there will be increased demand for energy. All these developments need to address the issue of sustainable source of energy. The design of new appliances should help in conserving the environment and minimising energy consumption. The recommended and remodelled toaster responds to the weaknesses of the standard machine and makes it more efficient. The efficiency of other appliances must also be enhanced. However, the new designs should not impair the normal functioning of the product. References Alastair, F 2009, The eco-design handbook: a complete sourcebook for the home and office, Thames Hudson Publishers, London. Chapman, J 2 005, Emotionally durable design: objects experiences and empathy, Routlege, New York. Crawford, R 2008, ‘Validation of a hybrid life-cycle inventory analysis method’, Journal of Environmental Management, vol. 88 no. 3, pp. 496-506. Curran, A 2012, Life cycle assessment handbook: a guide for environmentally sustainable products, Wiley, London. Energy.gov 2013, Estimating appliance and home electronic energy use. Web. Esty, C Simmons, P 2011, The green to gold business playbook: how to implement sustainability practices for bottom-line results in every business function, Wiley, London. Guo, M 2012, Life cycle assessments (LCA) of lightweight eco-composites, Springer, New York. Hendrickson, T, Lester, B Scott, H 2006, Environmental life cycle assessment of goods and services: an input-output approach, Routlege, London. Horne, R, Grant, T Verghese, K 2009, Life cycle assessment: principles practice and prospects, Collongwood, CSIRO Publishing. Kibert, J 2012, Sustainable construction: green building design and delivery, Wiley, London. Klopfer, W Grahl, B 2014, Life cycle assessment, Wiley, London. Lowell, J 2009, Environmentally friendly toaster saves planet and breakfast. Web. Murielle, 2011, Creating and maintaining an eco-friendly kitchen. Web. Pablo, L 2012, Bamboo: a sustainable solution for Western Europe design cases LCAs and land-use, VSSD, Delft. Smil, V 2013, Making the modern world: materials and dematerialization, Wiley, London. Thwaites, T 2011, The toaster project: or a heroic attempt to build a simple electric appliance from scratch, Princeton Architectural Press, Princeton. Trusty, W 2010, An overview of life cycle assessments: part one. Web. United States Environmental Protection Agency 2012, Risk management sustainable technology: life cycle assessment (LCA). Web. Vallero, D Brasier, C 2008, Sustainable design: the science of sustainability and green engineering, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New Jersey. Vogtlander, G 2009, LCA-bas ed assessment of sustainability: the eco-costs/value ratio EVR, VSSD, Delft. Vogtlander, G 2011, A quick reference guide to LCA data and eco-based materials selection, VSSD, Delft. Vogtlander, G, Maestre, A, Rosan, H, Arno, S, Reene, W. 2013, Eco-efficient value creation, sustainable design and business strategies, Delft Academic Press, Delft. Zamagni, A 2012, ‘Life cycle sustainability assessment’, The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, vol. 17 no. 4, pp. 373-376. This report on Redesigning a SandwichToaster to Improve its Performance and Life Cycle was written and submitted by user Seamus Beck to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Love in Oceania essays

Love in Oceania essays Winston Smith lives in Oceania. Oceania is the utopian vision of Big Brother and the Inner Party. The year is 1984 and Winstons world is made up of telescreens and thought police. At any given moment in time he is being watched. Despite all of this he is lonely. He desires someone to talk to and someone to love. Winstons love interests in 1984 vary from Julia, O'Brien, to Big Brother. The concept of love in Oceania is controlled and perceived in a frightening manner. The daily loneliness is very difficult for Winston. He begins a diary knowing he will be caught. This seems trivial to him. There is little that makes him happy in life and the consequences of his diary seem unimportant. This all changes when he is given a slip of paper with three simple words on it, I love you. Their love affair gave Winston something to live for. He felt a sort of purpose in loving Julia. He satisfied his human urge to talk to someone and to be affectionate with another human being. Sex was also purposeful. Sexual intercourse was almost forbidden. Sex and love were to never be intertwined. Orgasms were practically illegal and promiscuity even worse. Winston felt that his love for Julia and their lovemaking was a rebellious act against the Inner Party and Big Brother. Winston became a much happier character after he began his relationship with Julia. He appreciated life and times he could sneak away to be with her. For a short while he stopped writ ing in his diary for fear of death; he wished to live for Julia and their love. Winston feels and affinity with his superior, O'Brien. There is a love affair on Winstons part to OBrien. OBrien is the father figure missing from Winstons past. He is the protector and the savior of Winston. Within the Ministry of Love, the true job of OBrien is revealed. The concept of live in the Ministry of Love is to love Big Brother. O&ap...

About Florence Knoll, Architect of Corporate Interiors

About Florence Knoll, Architect of Corporate Interiors Trained in architecture, Florence Margaret Schust Knoll Bassett designed interiors that transformed corporate offices in the mid-20th century. Not merely an interior decorator, Florence Knoll reconfigured space and developed many of the iconic furnishings we see in offices today.   Early Life Florence Schust, known as Shu among her friends and family, was born on  May 24, 1917 in  Ã‚  Saginaw, Michigan. Florences older brother, Frederick John Schust (1912-1920), died when she was only three years old. Both her father, Frederick Schust (1881-1923), and her mother, Mina Matilda Haist Schust (1884-1931), also died when Florence was young [genealogy.com]. Her upbringing was entrusted to guardians. My father was Swiss and emigrated to the United States as a young man. While studying to become an engineer, he met my mother at college. Unfortunately, they both had short life spans, and I was orphaned at an early age. One of my strong memories of my father was when he showed me blueprints on his desk. They seemed enormous to a five year old, but nonetheless, I was enchanted by them. When my mother became seriously ill, she had the foresight to appoint a banker friend, Emile Tessin, as my legal guardian....[A]rrangements were made for me to go to boarding school, and I was given the opportunity to make the selection. I had heard of Kingswood, and we went to check it out....As a result my interest in design and future career began there.- FK Archives Education and Training 1932-34: Kingswood School, Cranbrook1934-1935: Cranbrook Academy of Art; studies under architect and furniture designer Eliel Saarinen, father of Eero Saarinen1935: School of Architecture, Columbia University, NYC; studies town planning1936-1937: Cranbrook Academy of Art; explores furniture-making with Eero Saarinen and Charles Eames1938-1939: Architectural Association, London; influenced by Le Corbusiers International style; left England as WWII spread1940: Moves to Cambridge, Massachusetts, and works for Walter Gropius and Marcel Breuer; influenced by the Bauhaus school and Marcel Breuers steel-tubed modern furniture.1940-1941: Illinois Institute of Technology (Armour Institute), Chicago; studies under Mies van der Rohe New York City 1941-1942: Harrison and Abramovitz, NYC ...being the only female, I was assigned to do the few interiors required. That was how I met Hans Knoll who was beginning his furniture business. He needed a designer to do interiors and eventually I joined him. This was the beginning of the Planning Unit.- FK Archives The Knoll Years 1941-1942: Moonlights on special projects at Hans G. Knoll Furniture Company. Hans Knoll, the son of a German furniture-maker, came to New York in 1937 and established his own furniture company in 1938.1943: Joins Knoll Furniture Company full time1946: Establishes and becomes Director of the Knoll Planning Unit; company reorganized to become Knoll Associates, Inc.; Post-World War II building boom begins and old Cranbrook friends are enlisted to design furniture; Hans and Florence get married.1948: Mies van der Rohe gives Knoll exclusive rights to manufacture the Barcelona chair1951: H.G. Knoll International formed1955: Hans Knoll killed in automobile accident; Florence Knoll named President of company1958: Marries Harry Hood Bassett (1917-1991)1959: Resigns as President of Knoll International; remains as design consultant1964: Last major project, the New York City interiors for the CBS Headquarters designed by Eero Saarinen (1910-1961) and completed by Kevin Roche and John Dinkeloo19 65: Retires from the Knoll company; private design practice My principal work as director of the Planning Unit encompassed all visual design- furniture, textiles and graphics. My role as interior designer and space planner naturally led to furniture to meet the needs of varied projects from domestic to corporate. I thought of these designs as architectural pieces that defined the space as well as meeting the functional requirements, while designers like Eero Saarinen and Harry Bertoia created sculptural chairs.- FK Archives Major Awards 1961: AIA Gold Medal for Industrial Design, being the first woman to win the Industrial Arts Medal. Inscription begins: You have abundantly justified your training as an architect as well as the rare fortune of being a protà ©gà ©e in Eliel Saarinens family, and also a student under Mies van der Rohe.1962: International Design Award, American Institute of Interior Designers; Knolls most notable design is the elliptical table-desk, the archetypal boat-shaped conference table most of us have frequented.2002: National Medal of Arts, the highest award given to artists by the United States government Mentors Rachel de Wolfe Raseman, the art director of Kingswood and a graduate architect from Cornell University. She guided me into the world of architecture and design. I learned the basics of planning and drafting and my first project was to design a house.The Saarinens befriended me and took me under their wing. They asked my guardian for permission to accompany them to Hvitrask, their home in Finland for the summer....One summer at Hvitrask Eero decided to give me a course in architectural history. He talked and drew these sketches simultaneously on sheets of stationery beginning with Greek, Roman and Byzantine periods. He discussed each detail as the drawings appeared on the paper.Mies van der Rohe had a profound effect on my design approach and the clarification of design. Learn More: Florence Knoll The Planning Unit by John Engelen, Dedece, January 29, 2014American Women Tastemakers: Florence Knoll Bassett, Archives of American ArtMid-Century Modern StyleThe book Women Designers in the USA, 1900-2000: Diversity and Difference, ed. Pat Kirkham, Yale University Press, 2002 Knoll Websites: Knoll InternationalKnoll Home Design ShopKnoll Furniture for Kids Sources: Biographies of the Artists, Design in America: The Cranbrook Vision, 1925-1950 (Exhibition Catalogue) by New York Metropolitan Museum of Art and Detroit Institute of Arts, edited by Robert Judson Clark, Andrea P. A. Belloli, 1984, p. 270; Knoll Timeline and History at knoll.com; www.genealogy.com/users/c/h/o/Paula-L-Chodacki/ODT43-0281.html at Genealogy.com; Florence Knoll Bassett papers, 1932-2000. Box 1, Folder 1 and Box 4, Folder 10. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution. [accessed March 20, 2014]

Communism vs. Capitalism. My Ideal Government System Essay

Communism vs. Capitalism. My Ideal Government System - Essay Example The essay also shows the opinions of prominent figures of politics and economy regarding each government system. Both systems are compared on the basis of education, economy, employment and health standards. The bibliography comprises 6 sources. The most recent one published 2010. Introduction. Communism is a form of government where the resources and the means of production are controlled by the society and the government is headed by one party or the communist party. It was an idea developed by Karl Marx and supported by Stalin and others. For Marx, an ideal government was the one that ensured equality to all members of society without classes. Before then, the economy was controlled by the businessmen and factory owners commonly referred as bourgeoisies whose aim was to make a profit at the expense of the poor farmers who were referred as the proletariat. Capitalism, on the other hand, is characterized by the existence of classes in the society. The means of production is controlled by private individuals who own private property and the government is democratic in nature. The market forces determine what is to be produced and who is to consume the products depending on the wealth of individuals. The private owners thus make huge profits and invest it in machinery and more business investments while the poor continue being poor as they can’t afford to buy goods. A wide gap, therefore, exists between the rich and the poor in the society (Grant & Vidler, 19-25). Communist government is thus preferred as it reduces inequalities and classes in the society and is effective in transforming backward economies. A capitalist system of government is a free market economy where price of products is determined by market forces. The market also allocates the resources to members of society depending on one’s income. The government does not intervene in controlling the prices. In this situation, the owners of property whose aim is to maximize profit may set high prices for products or make goods unavailable so as to control demand and in turn raise prices. The poor consumers are therefore forced to cut consumption of some goods as they cannot afford leaving them to the rich t hus widening the gap between the rich and the poor. Inflation is inevitable due to rise and fall in prices of goods and services (Grant & Vidler, 22). On the other hand, a communist system of government is controlled by the state. It is a command economy where prices are determined by the government thus inflation is controlled. The state also distributes goods and services equally to the society (Schwartz, 292). The resources are distributed according to needs of each individual hence no chance of creating income and wealth inequalities in society; it exercises fairness and equality. The capitalist system is driven by self interest of the actors in the economy. Due to profit maximization objective by businessmen, they are not able to provide essential goods and services that do not make profit such as education and health (Grant, 6). On the other hand, the communist state is involved in provision of resources to all. It thus provides public and merit goods to the society among othe r goods hence individuals in a communist economy benefit from improved public transport, education, and health among others (Leslie, 223). The state also subsidizes basic foodstuffs thus making them affordable to all members of the society unlike in capitalist states where one’s income determines the bundle of goods to buy. Schwartz (292) argues that individuals in a communist state work according to ability. Thus, each individual who is of working age is given a job depending on the skills he/she possesses but the resources obtained are shared among the society according to the needs of each household. The economy hence operates at near or full employment, unemployment